Welcome to your Echo - CVT- Noninvasive Name Email 1. [TEE was performed intraoperatively following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) because of failure to wean from cardiopulmonary bypass. It showed akinetic inferior wall with 3+ mitral regurgitation originating at the medial commissure. These findings were not present preoperatively. The inferior wall looked excessively bright. Most likely problem in this patient is:] Air embolism into right coronary artery (RCA) Thrombosis of RCA graft Excessively high blood pressure Excessive intravascular volume Poor myocardial preservation None . 2. [A two-chamber view (systolic frame) of the patient is shown in question 460. Thearrow points to a defect in: (fig)] P1 scallop P2, A2 scallops P3 scallops A3 scallop None Comment . 3. [Apical two-chamber view is likely to show the following mitral leaflet segments:] P1A2P3 A2P2 A3P1 A1P1 None . 4. [A patient with dilated cardiomyopathy has an end diastolic pulmonary regurgitation (PR) velocity of 2 m/s and the estimated right atrial pressure is 10mmHg. The following statement is true about this patient:] Pulmonary artery (PA) pressure is normal Has mild or moderate pulmonary hypertension Has severe pulmonary hypertension Cannot estimate pulmonary pressure None . 5. [A 70-year-old female with a history of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and a history of radiationtherapy had an echocardiogram for complaints of shortness of breath. The parasternal long- and short-axis images are suggestive of: (fig)] Normal valves Radiation-induced aortic valve calcification Endocarditis of the aortic valve Rheumatic changes of the aortic valve None Comment . 6. [Two days later, she complained of shortness of breath: the image shows (fig)] Pericardial effusion Pleural effusion None Comment . 7. [This transmitral flow is obtained from the esophageal transducer location from a patient with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and acute hemodynamic decompensation. Patient is in sinus rhythm. The most likely cause of his decompensation is: (fig)] Acute MR Acute AR Rupture of the ventricular septum None of the above None Comment . 8. [A 42-year-old male with a h/o Down’s syndrome was evaluated with an echocardiogram. The image shows: (fig)] Ventricular septal defect Atrial septal defect Partial Av canal Complete AV canal None Comment . 9. [This pulse wave Doppler flow signal in the descending thoracic aorta on a TEE isindicative of: (fig)] Coarctation of the aorta Middle aortic syndrome Severe AR HOCM None Comment . 10. [In the image shown here, the arrow denotes: (fig)] Right coronary artery Coronary sinus Aortic ring abscess Prosthetic valve dehiscence None Comment . 11. [A patient has mild mitral regurgitation and the time taken for mitral regurgitation velocity to drop from 3 m/s velocity to 1 m/s on continuous wave Doppler examination was 40 ms. The average rate of LV pressure decay in this patient is:] 3600mmHg/s 1280mm/s 800mm/s 400mm/s None . 12. [All of the following are probable causes of mitral stenosis except:] Rheumatic fever Excessive calcification of the mitral annulus Phen-fen valvulopathy Ischemic heart disease None . 13. [Post-ejection left ventricular (LV) shortening may be found in all of the following conditions except:] Hypertensive heart disease Ischemic cardiomyopathy Cardiac syndrome X Mitral stenosis None . 14. [This is a suprasternal image of the aortic arch, suggestive of: (fig)] Coarctation of the aorta Severe aortic regurgitation (AR) Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) None of the above None Comment . 15. [If the patient in question 99 had a blood pressure of 220/90mmHg with similar proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) measurements, the ERO area would:] Remain unchanged Be more Be less None . 16. [Flow from this subcostal view is indicative of: (fig)] Large ASD Severe mitral regurgitation Mitral stenosis Tricuspid stenosis None Comment . 17. [This flow obtained from the distal aortic arch from the suprasternal notch is indicative of: (fig)] Severe AR Aortic coarctation Severe AS None of the above None Comment . 18. [Flow resistance decreases with an increase in:] Vessel length Vessel radius Blood viscosity None of the above None . 19. [Volumetric flow rate decreases with an increase in:] Pressure difference Vessel radius Vessel length Blood viscosity Vessel length and blood viscosity None . 20. [In a patient with severeMR, all of the following factors increase its hemodynamic impact except:] Mitral stenosis Left ventricular hypertrophy Compliant left atrium D. Concomitant aortic regurgitation None . Time's upTime is Up!
